היה hyh "become, be" used in ways translated:

• "to be" usually where something more than the fact of existence is being asserted: Am 1:1
• "become" where the idea is chance of state or status Am 4:11; 5:5
• "happen" Am 3:6 the usage here echoes God's name later in the verse (cf. Ex 3:12, 14)
• "be with, be for" especially of God's being with or for (signaled by the appropriate preposition) Am 5:14
• to assert that something will happen Am 6:9 (cf. 7:2 where, like most modern interpreters, I have left hyh untranslated), or even more Am 8:9 where the verb becomes almost meaningless padding
• or in a negative construction that it will not happen Am 7:3, 6.